Senin, 03 Oktober 2011

wireless security

Posted by yha_yha on 04.40

Describe wireless security techniques
Since traffic flows through radio waves in wireless networks, it is easy for attackers to monitor and attack data without having to physically connect to a network. Attackers gain access to a network by being within range of an unprotected wireless network. A technician needs to know how to configure access points and wireless network interface cards (NICs) to an appropriate level of security.
When installing wireless services, you should apply wireless security techniques immediately to prevent unwanted access to the network as shown in Figure 1. Wireless access points should be configured with basic security settings that are compatible with the existing network security.
An attacker can access data as it travels over the radio signal. A wireless encryption system can be used to prevent unwanted capture and use of data by encoding the information that is sent. Both ends of every link must use the same encryption standard. Figure 2 shows the levels of security described here:
      · Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) – the first generation security standard for wireless. Attackers quickly discovered that WEP encryption was easy to break. The encryption keys used to encode the messages could be detected by monitoring programs. Once the keys were obtained, messages could be easily decoded.
      · Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) – an improved version of WEP. It was created as a temporary solution until the 802.11i (a security layer for wireless systems) was fully implemented. Now that 802.11i has been ratified, WPA2 has been released. It covers the entire 802.11i standard.
      · Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol (LEAP), also called EAP-Cisco – a wireless security protocol created by Cisco to address the weaknesses in WEP and WPA. LEAP is a good choice when using Cisco equipment in conjunction with operating systems like Windows and Linux.
Wireless Transport Layer Security (WTLS) is a security layer used in mobile devices that employ the Wireless Applications Protocol (WAP). Mobile devices do not have a great deal of spare bandwidth to devote to security protocols. WTLS was designed to provide security for WAP devices in a bandwidth-efficient manner.
Jelaskan teknik keamanan nirkabel
 
Karena lalu lintas mengalir melalui gelombang radio dalam jaringan nirkabel, mudah bagi penyerang untuk memantau dan menyerang data tanpa harus secara fisik terhubung ke jaringan. Penyerang mendapatkan akses ke jaringan dengan menjadi dalam jangkauan jaringan nirkabel yang tidak dilindungi. Seorang teknisi harus tahu bagaimana untuk mengkonfigurasi titik akses nirkabel dan kartu antarmuka jaringan (NIC) ke tingkat yang tepat keamanan.
Ketika menginstal layanan nirkabel, Anda harus menerapkan teknik keamanan nirkabel segera untuk mencegah akses yang tidak diinginkan ke jaringan seperti yang ditunjukkan pada Gambar 1. Titik akses nirkabel harus dikonfigurasi dengan pengaturan keamanan dasar yang kompatibel dengan keamanan jaringan yang ada.
Seorang penyerang dapat mengakses data saat dikirimkan melalui sinyal radio. Sebuah sistem enkripsi nirkabel dapat digunakan untuk mencegah menangkap yang tidak diinginkan dan penggunaan data dengan pengkodean informasi yang dikirimkan. Kedua ujung setiap link harus menggunakan standar enkripsi yang sama. Gambar 2 menunjukkan tingkat keamanan yang dijelaskan di sini:
• Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) - keamanan standar generasi pertama untuk wireless. Penyerang dengan cepat menemukan bahwa enkripsi WEP mudah untuk istirahat. Kunci enkripsi yang digunakan untuk menyandikan pesan dapat dideteksi oleh program pemantauan. Setelah kunci diperoleh, pesan dapat dengan mudah diterjemahkan.
• Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) - sebuah versi perbaikan dari WEP. Itu diciptakan sebagai solusi sementara sampai 802.11i (sebuah lapisan keamanan untuk sistem nirkabel) sepenuhnya dilaksanakan. Sekarang 802.11i telah diratifikasi, WPA2 telah dirilis. Ini mencakup standar 802.11i keseluruhan.
• Extensible Authentication Protocol Ringan (LEAP), juga disebut EAP-Cisco - sebuah protokol keamanan nirkabel yang dibuat oleh Cisco untuk mengatasi kelemahan WEP dan WPA. LEAP adalah pilihan yang baik ketika menggunakan peralatan Cisco dalam hubungannya dengan sistem operasi seperti Windows dan Linux.
Wireless Transport Layer Security (WTLS) adalah lapisan keamanan yang digunakan dalam perangkat mobile yang menggunakan Protokol Aplikasi Nirkabel (WAP). Perangkat mobile tidak memiliki banyak bandwidth cadangan untuk mengabdikan untuk protokol keamanan. WTLS dirancang untuk memberikan keamanan untuk WAP perangkat secara bandwidth efisien.

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